For example, smart grid and military applications have to exchange high priority information within a short amount of time. In general, mission critical applications require real-time based reliability. In other words, PSFQ and RMST are advantageous to support highly reliable services, but they are not suitable for real-time applications. PSFQ is an appropriate protocol for non-real-time software download applications, and RMST and GARUDA are suitable protocol for non-real-time query driven services. In this paper the most frequently referenced protocols, pump slowly, fetch quickly (PSFQ), reliable multi-segment transport (RMST), GARUDA Footnote 1, congestion detection and avoid (CODA), and reliable bursty convergecast (RBC) are reviewed in order to design an appropriate ARQ scheme for WSNs. Various protocols have been devised to provide reliability, and each of them have their own characteristics in terms of hop-by-hop/end-to-end, ACK/NACK, cached/non-cached. 5 evaluates the performance of the proposed scheme, and finally, Sect. 4 presents the mathematical analysis Sect. 3 explains the proposed E \(^2\)R-ACK scheme Sect. 2 reviews the related works regarding assurance of WSNs reliability Sect. ![]() The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Sect. Since the purpose of the proposed scheme is improving the reliability of WSNs, the delay performance and energy consumption of the proposed scheme are compared against the other legacy schemes, i.e., ACK, NACK and implicit ACK (I-ACK). This paper proposes a reliable data transfer ARQ scheme, which is called Energy Efficient and Reliable ACK (E \(^2\)R-ACK), to realize delay reduction and improved energy efficiency. Since the performance degradation potentially induces significant degradation of the service reliability and energy consumption in term of automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes, additional consideration of the performance and energy consumption is needed. As a result, reliability assurance becomes an important issue as the volume of mission critical applications increases. Usually, frequency interference in WSNs causes wireless collisions, which in turn result in packet errors or packet drop problems, and decline of the reliability. The target frequency band includes 868 MHz, 915 MHz and 2.4 GHz industry, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands within the carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) environment. On the other hand, as wireless devices become more widespread, wireless frequency interference problems also become more severe, since the crowded frequency bands degrade wireless communication conditions. However, as services have continued evolving, other factors such as performance, quality-of-service (QoS), and reliability have risen to the surface. The WSNs are usually designed to make the network services more intellectual and interactive, by collecting information from the physical.Īt the outset, the energy consumption of sensor nodes was the main concern, and an abundance of researches in this area have been reported. It transforms the communication world more ubiquitous, including mission critical areas such as military, energy, electricity and dangerous industries. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are regarded as the main infrastructure for machine to machine (M2M) and Internet of things (IoT). The simulation results show that the E \(^2\)R-ACK scheme achieves high RCR by significantly reducing transmission delay and energy consumption. In addition, resource considered reliability (RCR) is suggested to quantify the improvement of the proposed scheme, and mathematical analysis of the transmission delay and energy consumption are also presented. ![]() It consumes smaller energy than ACK, has smaller transmission delay than NACK, and prevents the duplicated retransmission problem of I-ACK. The proposed scheme has three aspects of advantages compared to the legacy ARQ schemes such as ACK, NACK and implicit-ACK (I-ACK). This paper proposes energy efficient and reliable data transmission ARQ scheme, called energy efficient and reliable ACK (E \(^2\)R-ACK), to minimize transmission delay and energy consumption at the same time. Therefore a more efficient data delivering scheme that minimizes both the transmission delay and energy consumption is required. However, WSNs have strict constraints on resources due to the crowded wireless frequency, which results in high collision probability. Since various sophisticated M2M/IoT services have their own quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, reliable data transmission in WSNs is becoming more important. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the main infrastructure for machine to machine (M2M) and Internet of thing (IoT).
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